New York State Rifle & Pistol Association, Inc. v. Bruen

597 U.S. 1·2022

What the Court Decided

The Supreme Court struck down New York's handgun licensing law and held that Second Amendment challenges must be evaluated by reference to the historical tradition of firearm regulation, not a means-ends balancing test.

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Cited In

United States v. Hemani

2025 Term · 24-1234

Bruen established the controlling legal test: modern gun regulations are constitutional only if the government can demonstrate they are consistent with the historical tradition of firearm regulation at the time of the founding. This is the framework both parties invoke to argue their positions.