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Racially Polarized Voting
Definition
A pattern where voters of different races consistently vote for different candidates, such that the preferred candidates of a minority group are regularly defeated by the majority group's bloc voting. It is a critical element of the Gingles test for proving vote dilution under Section 2.
Examples
- •In Louisiana, the Robinson court found racially polarized voting above 84%, with Black and white voters consistently supporting different candidates regardless of party.